Feb 2021
IPOB announces formation of Eastern Security Network; attacks on security forces escalate sharply
Apr 2021
Imo State Prison break; IPOB blamed; 1,844 inmates escape
Jun 2021
Nigerian government proscribes ESN alongside IPOB, labeling both terrorist organizations
Jan 2022
Amnesty International report documents extrajudicial killings by Nigerian forces in Imo and Anambra
Jun 2022
Gunmen attack Owo church in Ondo State; southern Nigeria violence draws international attention
Feb 2023
Bola Tinubu elected president; security reform pledges made for southeast
May 2023
Tinubu removes fuel subsidy; economic shock intensifies southeast unemployment and grievances
Mar 2024
U.S. State Dept. renews Level 3 advisory for southeast Nigeria; cites persistent armed group activity
Aug 2026
JTF kills six gunmen in Ogbaru LGA, Anambra, along River Niger creek; one operative killed