AQIM Fractures, JNIM Precursors Emerge

France Launches Opération Serval

U.S. Begins Air Base 201 Construction

JNIM Formally Established

Tongo Tongo Ambush Kills 4 U.S. Soldiers

An ISIS-GS (ISGS) ambush in Tongo Tongo, Niger kills four U.S. Special Forces soldiers, exposing the depth of American involvement and the growing jihadist threat.

Air Base 201 Becomes Fully Operational

ISGS Designated Global Terrorist Organization

France Ends Opération Barkhane in Mali

Military Coup Ousts President Bazoum

Niger's presidential guard detains elected President Mohamed Bazoum. The junta, led by Gen. Abdourahamane Tchiani, seizes power, triggering international condemnation and ECOWAS sanctions.

Junta Demands U.S. Troop Withdrawal

Niger's military government formally revokes the military cooperation agreement with the United States, ordering approximately 1,000 U.S. troops to leave, including personnel at Air Base 201.

U.S. Forces Complete Withdrawal from Niger

The last U.S. military personnel depart Air Base 201 near Agadez, ending over a decade of American counterterrorism presence in Niger. The base cost over $110 million to build.

Wagner / Africa Corps Advisers Arrive

ISGS & JNIM Expand into Tillabéri & Tahoua

Both jihadist groups markedly increase attacks in Niger's western and northern regions. Incident data shows a measurable uptick in civilian casualties and displacement following the withdrawal of Western forces.

Niamey Airport Attack

Gunmen launch a coordinated assault on Niamey's main international airport, exchanging fire with security forces amid explosions. The first major jihadist-attributed attack on the Nigerien capital.