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Year U.S. withdrew from the nuclear accord, triggering the current crisis arc
barrels/day exported in early 2024, down from 2.5M+ pre-sanctions peak
of global seaborne oil transits through the strait — the blockade flashpoint
Date the U.S.–Iran ceasefire was reached, opening the negotiating window
Iran and six world powers (P5+1) sign the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, capping Iranian uranium enrichment in exchange for sanctions relief.
President Trump withdraws the United States from the JCPOA and announces a 'maximum pressure' sanctions campaign targeting Iranian oil exports, banking, and shipping.
The Trump administration ends sanction waivers that had allowed eight countries to import Iranian oil, sharply cutting Tehran's export revenues. The waivers expired on May 2, 2019.
U.S. drone strike kills IRGC Quds Force commander Qasem Soleimani near Baghdad airport, triggering Iranian ballistic missile retaliation against U.S. bases in Iraq.
Indirect U.S.–Iran negotiations begin in Vienna under the Biden administration, aimed at mutual return to JCPOA compliance. Talks stall repeatedly.
IAEA confirms Iran has begun enriching uranium to 60% purity — a significant escalation and a short technical step from weapons-grade 90%. Iran begins accumulating a stockpile of 60%-enriched uranium.
JCPOA revival negotiations effectively collapse after Iran insists on IRGC sanctions removal. Iran continues accelerating uranium enrichment.
Iran launches over 300 drones and missiles at Israel in retaliation for a strike on its Damascus consulate — the first direct Iranian attack on Israeli territory.
President Trump is inaugurated for a second term. Administration signals renewed 'maximum pressure' on Iran combined with openness to a new, broader deal.
A series of Iranian naval harassment incidents in the Strait of Hormuz disrupts commercial shipping; energy markets spike. The U.S. Fifth Fleet increases patrols.
Armed exchanges between U.S. naval forces and Iranian IRGC Navy units escalate into sustained military conflict following a missile strike on a U.S. carrier group.
A ceasefire between the United States and Iran is reached, halting active hostilities. Pakistan, Oman, and Qatar serve as key back-channel facilitators.
Iran's president travels to Islamabad for mediation talks with Pakistani officials serving as go-betweens for the U.S. and Iranian negotiating teams working toward a permanent deal.